Acid, Base, and Salt Demos and Videos are listed by the following categories:
Indicators	Common ion effect and buffer solutions	Properties of Acids and Bases
Acid-Base Reactions	pH and pOH	Miscellaneous
Acid-Base Theories	Preparations of Acids
Indicators
Demo Name	Brief Description	Demo Notes	Demo #	Type of Item
Natural acid base indicators	Cabbage is ground in deI water using a kitchen blender.  The juice is strained off and poured into clear glasses or beakers containing ordinary household cleaners or drinks.  The color changes depending on the pH of the item tested.  Other plant indicators	Popular.  Red pH1-purple, blue, blue-green, green pH 10.  The extract can also be made in advance by boiling.  Also on Shakhashiri Tape 5	60	Demo
pH indicators	Litmus paper, kid pH.  Use different indicators that turn different colors in various acids and bases.		63	Demo
Changing flower color with ammonia vapor	Best in a hood if students are sensitive to the vapor.  Drape the flowers into a beaker containing ammonia and cover with a watch glass to see red blacken, yellow turn to green, etc.		125	Demo
pH yellow to blue t-shirts	T-shirts are dyed with bromothymol blue (yellow since slightly acidified by vinegar), then dried.  Volunteers put them over their "crummy" clothes, then shoot each other with slightly basic (ammonia) water to cause the shirts to streak blue.	A variation for April Fool's Day is to dye one of the shirts with yellow food coloring so it won't change colors.  Note-regular water guns may be better that unpredictable super soakers!	131	Demo
Carbon dioxide, universal indic	water + base + indicator becomes more acidic as carbon dioxide (dry ice) is dissolved, and a rainbow of colors is seen.	Also on Shakhashiri tape I #2	142	Demo
Natural acid base indicators	Cabbage is ground in deI water using a kitchen blender.  The juice is strained off and poured into clear glasses or beakers containing ordinary household cleaners or drinks.  The color changes depending on the pH of the item tested.	Shakhashiri Tape 1.  Red pH1-purple, blue, blue-green, green pH 10.	M25	Movie
Carbon dioxide, universal indic	water + base + indicator becomes more acidic as carbon dioxide (dry ice) is dissolved, and a rainbow of colors is seen.	Also on Shakhashiri tape I #2	M43	Movie
Acid-Base Reactions
Demo Name	Brief Description	Demo Notes	Demo #	Type of Item
Buffering capacity, antacids		Also on Close up on Chemistry Ealy 55:28 (3:26 min)	64	Demo
Reaction between ammonia and hydrogen chloride, diffusion of gas	Open beakers or test tubes containing the 2 solutions are set apart on the stage.  A laser pointer is used to show the smoke forming between the beakers.	Can also be done in a long clear tube so you can see the white ring that forms closest to the HCl end--n laser in this method.	69	Demo
Precipitation reactions	various 2 clear solutions are mixed to give different colored precipitates.  K2CrO4 + Pb(NO3)2 for yellow, (NH4)2CO3 + CaCl2 for white.  The barium hydroxide/sulfuric acid ppt can be used with phenolphthalene to show an acid/base ppt.	Very popular-The potassium chromate, lead nitrate reaction gives a thick yellow ppt.    (Also see #2 for limiting reactant using ppt)	71	Demo
Vinegar and baking soda - foam	Put the baking soda in a beaker, then pour on colored vinegar to watch it foam over		86	Demo
Chemical pop gun, rocket -vinegar and baking soda	Mix in a sunny delight bottle to shoot off the lid.  This spews solution in the room, so best to do outside		117	Demo
Titrations	Burets are set up with acids and bases.  Some solutions in flasks are titrated to neutrality.		127	Demo
pH yellow to blue t-shirts	T-shirts are dyed with bromothymol blue (yellow since slightly acidified by vinegar), then dried.  Volunteers put them over their "crummy" clothes, then shoot each other with slightly basic (ammonia) water to cause the shirts to streak blue.	A variation for April Fool's Day is to dye one of the shirts with yellow food coloring so it won't change colors.  Note-regular water guns may be better that unpredictable super soakers!	131	Demo
Carbon dioxide, universal indic	water + base + indicator becomes more acidic as carbon dioxide (dry ice) is dissolved, and a rainbow of colors is seen.	Also on Shakhashiri tape I #2	142	Demo
Buffering capacity, antacids		Close up on Chemistry Ealy 55:28 (3:26 min)  (Set timer to zero when first text rolls on screen.)	M26	Movie
Carbon dioxide, universal indic	water + base + indicator becomes more acidic as carbon dioxide (dry ice) is dissolved, and a rainbow of colors is seen.	Also on Shakhashiri tape I #2	M43	Movie
Acid-Base Theories
Demo Name	Brief Description	Demo Notes	Demo #	Type of Item
Natural acid base indicators	Cabbage is ground in deI water using a kitchen blender.  The juice is strained off and poured into clear glasses or beakers containing ordinary household cleaners or drinks.  The color changes depending on the pH of the item tested.  Other plant indicators	Popular.  Red pH1-purple, blue, blue-green, green pH 10.  The extract can also be made in advance by boiling.  Also on Shakhashiri Tape 2	60	Demo
Natural acid base indicators	Cabbage is ground in deI water using a kitchen blender.  The juice is strained off and poured into clear glasses or beakers containing ordinary household cleaners or drinks.  The color changes depending on the pH of the item tested.	Shakhashiri Tape 1.  Red pH1-purple, blue, blue-green, green pH 10.	M25	Movie
Common ion effect and buffer solutions
Buffering capacity, antacids		Also on Close up on Chemistry Ealy 55:28 (3:26 min)	64	Demo
Buffering capacity, antacids		Close up on Chemistry Ealy 55:28 (3:26 min)  (Set timer to zero when first text rolls on screen.)	M26	Movie
pH and pOH
Demo Name	Brief Description	Demo Notes	Demo #	Type of Item
Natural acid base indicators	Cabbage is ground in deI water using a kitchen blender.  The juice is strained off and poured into clear glasses or beakers containing ordinary household cleaners or drinks.  The color changes depending on the pH of the item tested.  Other plant indicators	Popular.  Red pH1-purple, blue, blue-green, green pH 10.  The extract can also be made in advance by boiling.  Also on Shakhashiri Tape 4	60	Demo
pH indicators	Litmus paper, kid pH.  Use different indicators that turn different colors in various acids and bases.		63	Demo
Burning magnesium in air, pH effect	Mg in air: Hold a 6" strip of Mg ribbon with big metal tongs.  Turn off room lights and light Mg with the propane torch (and turn off torch).  The Mg burns so brightly that you shouldn't look directly at it, or you will have trouble seeing for a minute or so.  pH effect: burn it over a watch glass and dissolve the ashes in deionized water containing phenolphthalein to show it turn pink.		68	Demo
Precipitation reactions	various 2 clear solutions are mixed to give different colored precipitates.  K2CrO4 + Pb(NO3)2 for yellow, (NH4)2CO3 + CaCl2 for white.  The barium hydroxide/sulfuric acid ppt can be used with phenolphthalene to show an acid/base ppt.	Very popular-The potassium chromate, lead nitrate reaction gives a thick yellow ppt.    (Also see #2 for limiting reactant using ppt)	71	Demo
Changing flower color with ammonia vapor	Best in a hood if students are sensitive to the vapor.  Drape the flowers into a beaker containing ammonia and cover with a watch glass to see red blacken, yellow turn to green, etc.		125	Demo
pH meter, paper	Can be used to show pH's of solutions.		133	Demo
Natural acid base indicators	Cabbage is ground in deI water using a kitchen blender.  The juice is strained off and poured into clear glasses or beakers containing ordinary household cleaners or drinks.  The color changes depending on the pH of the item tested.	Shakhashiri Tape 1.  Red pH1-purple, blue, blue-green, green pH 10.	M25	Movie
Preparation of Acids
Demo Name	Brief Description	Demo Notes	Demo #	Type of Item
Voice-activated reaction (carbon dioxide)	water, phenol red, NaOH; The flask containing the solution is passed around and talked to or blown into to get the color change.		52	Demo
Burning magnesium in air, pH effect	Mg in air: Hold a 6" strip of Mg ribbon with big metal tongs.  Turn off room lights and light Mg with the propane torch (and turn off torch).  The Mg burns so brightly that you shouldn't look directly at it, or you will have trouble seeing for a minute or so.  pH effect: burn it over a watch glass and dissolve the ashes in deionized water containing phenolphthalein to show it turn pink.		68	Demo
Carbon dioxide, universal indic	water + base + indicator becomes more acidic as carbon dioxide (dry ice) is dissolved, and a rainbow of colors is seen.	Also on Shakhashiri tape I #2	142	Demo
Carbon dioxide, universal indic	water + base + indicator becomes more acidic as carbon dioxide (dry ice) is dissolved, and a rainbow of colors is seen.	Also on Shakhashiri tape I #2	M43	Movie
Properties of Acids and Bases
Demo Name	Brief Description	Demo Notes	Demo #	Type of Item
Natural acid base indicators	Cabbage is ground in deI water using a kitchen blender.  The juice is strained off and poured into clear glasses or beakers containing ordinary household cleaners or drinks.  The color changes depending on the pH of the item tested.  Other plant indicators	Popular.  Red pH1-purple, blue, blue-green, green pH 10.  The extract can also be made in advance by boiling.  Also on Shakhashiri Tape 1	60	Demo
pH indicators	Litmus paper, kid pH.  Use different indicators that turn different colors in various acids and bases.		63	Demo
Changing flower color with ammonia vapor	Best in a hood if students are sensitive to the vapor.  Drape the flowers into a beaker containing ammonia and cover with a watch glass to see red blacken, yellow turn to green, etc.		125	Demo
pH yellow to blue t-shirts	T-shirts are dyed with bromothymol blue (yellow since slightly acidified by vinegar), then dried.  Volunteers put them over their "crummy" clothes, then shoot each other with slightly basic (ammonia) water to cause the shirts to streak blue.	A variation for April Fool's Day is to dye one of the shirts with yellow food coloring so it won't change colors.  Note-regular water guns may be better that unpredictable super soakers!	131	Demo
Natural acid base indicators	Cabbage is ground in deI water using a kitchen blender.  The juice is strained off and poured into clear glasses or beakers containing ordinary household cleaners or drinks.  The color changes depending on the pH of the item tested.	Shakhashiri Tape 1.  Red pH1-purple, blue, blue-green, green pH 10.	M25	Movie
Strengths of acids
Demo Name	Brief Description	Demo Notes	Demo #	Type of Item
Natural acid base indicators	Cabbage is ground in deI water using a kitchen blender.  The juice is strained off and poured into clear glasses or beakers containing ordinary household cleaners or drinks.  The color changes depending on the pH of the item tested.  Other plant indicators	Popular.  Red pH1-purple, blue, blue-green, green pH 10.  The extract can also be made in advance by boiling.  Also on Shakhashiri Tape 3	60	Demo
pH indicators	Litmus paper, kid pH.  Use different indicators that turn different colors in various acids and bases.		63	Demo
Natural acid base indicators	Cabbage is ground in deI water using a kitchen blender.  The juice is strained off and poured into clear glasses or beakers containing ordinary household cleaners or drinks.  The color changes depending on the pH of the item tested.	Shakhashiri Tape 1.  Red pH1-purple, blue, blue-green, green pH 10.	M25	Movie
Miscellaneous Acids, Bases, and Salts
Demo Name	Brief Description	Demo Notes	Demo #	Type of Item
Disappearing ink, invisible writing, Goldenrod messages	EtOH, thymolphthalein, NaOH;  The wet ink looks dark blue but it quickly becomes colorless on paper.  Various invisible inks are made for signs, etc.  Some brands of Goldenrod colored copy paper turn red when sprayed with household ammonia (write first with white wax or invisible tape)		53	Demo
Tricks with Acids: Hollow penny, Copper dime, Copper quarter	cut coins are soaked in acids.  The penny loses its zinc core, the dime loses the outer silvery coating as does the quarter.	cleaning copper, electroplating	114	Demo
Chalk in HCl	whole or ground chalk is put in various concentrations of acid in graduated cylinders to compare the amount of foaming		129	Demo
Acids and bases (show and tell)	Stock bottles of liquid and dry bases are provided on a cart for discussion		130	Demo
aluminum amphoteric behavior	alum in water - add acid and it is clear, base it gets milky then clear.  Universal indicator changes a rainbow of colors if added at the beginning		143	Demo